Recently I
was in the Middle East and noticed this jargony thing among expats of saying
“dialect” (in the singular) in contradistinction to “MSA," for example, "MSA vs. dialect"; "Fusha vs. dialect". At
least people could use a capital "D" for "Dialect", since it is conventional in
English to capitalise the names of languages. However, in different cases in the Arabophone world, the
specific language referred to as “dialect” will differ. But it would be better
to actually name the language or variety, such as Khaleeji, Hassaniya, etc. rather than calling them all "dialect" in the singular, as some sort of mass noun. Saying things like “MSA
vs. dialect” suggests a sort of balanced binarity which contributes to a
distorted understanding of Arabic diglossia. It feeds the mistaken idea that
MSA is “correct” Arabic, while the normal Arab vernaculars are just degenerate forms of MSA.
Anyway, it
demeans these Arab speech varieties to call them “dialect” with a small “d” as
though there is one reality across all of the Arabophone languacultural worlds
that is “dialect” in various instantiations. Of course, the role of MSA in
pan-Arab unity is wonderful. However, there is no need to demean the specific
Arab speech varieties by which people live their lives–which they
hear first in the womb, then are born into the midst of, raised in, skin their
knees in, cry in, get comforted in, be playmates in, laugh in, love in, be friends in, be families in, grow old in, tease grandchildren in, die in, etc.
The GPA is about people nurturing us into their life. Human life is dominated
by talking, listening, interacting verbally.
Within a
languacultural world, there may be more restricted functions which rely on
special language varieties (such as MSA). To the extent that the use of the special variety finds
its place among host practices, its use are part of the host languacultural world
that the GP wants to be nurtured into, but keeping the realities of the time
dimension always in view. Once people can talk with you readily, they can, by talking with you, nurture you into literacy, literature, style-shifting, etc.
So while
it is wonderful that MSA has a uniting function, and has strong historical
links with Classical Arabic (and is thus a bridge to Classical Arabic) and so on, and certainly, MSA should be treasured as much as it is,
this does not require that the speech varieties by which Arabs
primarily live life should be demeaned by calling them all “dialect".
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